Vocal cord palsy refers to a medical condition characterized by the dysfunction or paralysis of the vocal cords, which are vital structures for voice production. The vocal cords, also known as vocal folds, are two flexible bands of tissue located in the larynx (voice box). They are responsible for controlling the flow of air passing through the larynx during speech, singing, swallowing, and breathing.
When an individual experiences vocal cord palsy, one or both of their vocal cords are affected, resulting in changes to voice quality, volume, and pitch. This condition can manifest as hoarseness, breathiness, weak voice, or in severe cases, a complete loss of voice.
Vocal cord palsy can be caused by various factors, such as trauma or injury to the nerves that control the movement of the vocal cords, infections, tumors, or structural abnormalities in the larynx. Other underlying conditions, including neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease, stroke, or damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, can also lead to vocal cord palsy.
Treatment for vocal cord palsy depends on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms. Conservative measures, such as voice therapy and vocal exercises, may help improve vocal cord function. In more severe cases, surgical interventions, such as injections of temporary or permanent substances to adjust the position of the vocal cords or surgical repositioning of the paralyzed cord, may be necessary. Acoustic or electronic speech aids can also help individuals with vocal cord palsy communicate effectively.
