OLIN RASCHIG PROCESS Meaning and
Definition
-
The Olin-Raschig process is a chemical production method for the synthesis of sodium cyanide (NaCN) from sodium amide (NaNH2) and methane (CH4). It is named after the American chemical company Olin Industries and the German chemist Friedrich Raschig, who developed the process independently in the early 20th century.
In the Olin-Raschig process, sodium amide is first prepared by reacting liquid ammonia (NH3) with sodium metal (Na). Then, the sodium amide is mixed with methane gas in the presence of iron catalysts at high temperatures. This reaction results in the formation of sodium cyanide and hydrogen gas (H2).
The Olin-Raschig process is a significant industrial method for the production of sodium cyanide, which has various applications in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Sodium cyanide is primarily used in gold mining, where it acts as a reagent to extract gold from ore through a process called cyanidation. It forms a water-soluble complex with gold, allowing its separation and purification.
However, it is important to note that the Olin-Raschig process involves the use of highly toxic and hazardous chemicals, including sodium cyanide. Therefore, strict safety protocols must be followed to prevent exposure and contamination. Industrial facilities employing this process should ensure proper storage, handling, and disposal measures to protect workers and the environment.
