LESSER ARMENIA Meaning and
Definition
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Lesser Armenia refers to the historical region located in the western part of the Armenian Highland. It is commonly known as Cilicia, which was situated along the eastern Mediterranean coast within the borders of present-day southeastern Turkey, and neighboring regions of Syria, Lebanon, and Cyprus. The term "lesser" is used to distinguish it from Greater Armenia, the larger and more prominent region located to its east.
Lesser Armenia was of great significance in the medieval period, particularly from the 11th to the 14th centuries, when it was the site of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. This kingdom was established as a result of the Armenian population's migration to the region after the Seljuk Turks invaded Greater Armenia. Under the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, the region experienced a flourishing period characterized by political stability, economic growth, and cultural development.
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia maintained close ties with Western Europe, engaging in extensive trade and diplomacy. It became a powerful state, known for its strategic location, prosperous cities, imposing fortresses, and intricate architectural wonders such as the famous Cathedral of Saint Sophia in Tarsus.
However, the decline of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia began in the 14th century, and it eventually fell into the hands of the Mamluk Sultanate in 1375. Afterward, the region witnessed a series of occupations and conquests by various empires throughout history, resulting in the displacement and scattering of the Armenian population.
Today, Lesser Armenia remains a region of historical and cultural significance, with remnants of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, including churches, castles, and other architectural landmarks, serving as a testament to its rich past.
Etymology of LESSER ARMENIA
The term "Lesser Armenia" refers to a historical region located in present-day Turkey. The etymology of the word "Lesser Armenia" can be traced back to its origins.
The term "Armenia" itself comes from the ancient Greek word "Ἀρμενία" (Armenia), which was derived from the Old Persian word "Armina". The Persians used this term to refer to the land inhabited by the people known as the Armenians.
The prefix "Lesser" in "Lesser Armenia" refers to the fact that it was a smaller region compared to Greater Armenia, which encompassed a larger territory located in present-day Armenia and parts of neighboring countries.
