Amphotericin B cholesterol dispersion is a medication used primarily for the treatment of fungal infections. It is a lipid-based formulation containing the active ingredient amphotericin B, which is a polyene antibiotic. The medication is specifically formulated with cholesterol to enhance its solubility and stability.
Amphotericin B cholesterol dispersion works by binding to the fungal cell membrane and altering its permeability, thus disrupting the integrity of the membrane and ultimately leading to cell death. Due to its broad-spectrum antifungal activity, this medication is effective against a wide range of fungal pathogens, including Candida, Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, and Histoplasma.
This formulation is typically administered intravenously due to its poor oral bioavailability. It is indicated for the treatment of serious systemic fungal infections, including those affecting the lungs, central nervous system, and other organs. Amphotericin B cholesterol dispersion is particularly useful in treating infections resistant to other antifungal agents.
Common side effects of this medication include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, and kidney toxicity. It is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor patients during treatment due to the potential for these adverse effects. In some cases, pre-medication with antipyretics, antihistamines, and corticosteroids may be recommended to minimize infusion-related reactions.
Overall, amphotericin B cholesterol dispersion is a valuable antifungal medication used for the management of serious fungal infections. Its unique formulation allows for improved solubility and efficacy, making it a critical component of the antifungal armamentarium.
